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The chemical composition of these batteries is what gives them their incredible properties such as their lifetime, storage and thermal resilience. The chemicals that the technology consists of are actually in the name. When we take a look at the name we can see the chemicals that it is comprised of: Li Fe PO4.
When we put these elements together we get the LiFePO4 or a Lithium Iron Phosphate battery which will always have a nominal voltage of 3.2v and a charging voltage of 3.65v.
There are quite a few confusions surrounding batteries and one of the most common mistakes people make is relating Lifepo4 with Lithium Ion. These batteries are NOT the same and should use different chargers and BMS systems as the voltage and amp ratings differ. Below we will discuss the difference between these two battery types. For this example, we will be comparing the 18650 Lithium Ion battery with a Lifepo4 32700 supercell:
Product Name | Lithium Iron Phosphate | Lithium Ion |
Full charge voltage | 3.65v | 4.2v |
Low voltage | 2.5v | 2.5v |
Nominal Voltage | 3.2v | 3.7v |
Max capacity | 6Ah | 2.4Ah |
Max discharge rate | 5C(30Amps) | 1C(2.4Amps) |
Life Cycles | 6000 | 1500 |
Product Name | Lifepo4(Lithium Iron Phosphate) Super Cell |
Rated Capacity | 6000mAh |
Charge Cut-off Voltage | 3.65v |
Discharge Cut-off Voltage | 2.5v |
Nominal Voltage | 3.2v |
Charge Cut-off Current | 300mA |
Shape | Cylindrical |
Rated Energy | 19.2Wh |
Size | 32.5*70.8mm |
Weight | 141.862g |
Temperature | -20 |
Max Charge current | 18A(3C) |
Max Discharge Current | 30A(5C) |
Creating a new battery system can be daunting and quite difficult if you do not have the required skills. So for those of you that would like to build your own battery pack here is a nice video explaining all the steps required to make your own Lifepo4 battery 12v project :