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Acacia is a large genus of shrubs and trees in the pea family (Fabaceae), known for their drought tolerance, often spiny branches, and feathery leaves. While once a single genus, the classification has been revised to reflect their diverse origins. Many acacias are fast-growing, evergreen, and produce clusters of yellow or white puffball-like flowers.
Key characteristics
Appearance: The appearance of acacias can vary widely depending on the species. Some, like the flat-topped acacias of the African savanna, are iconic for their umbrella-like canopies. Other species can be more shrub-like.
Leaves: Many acacias have fine, feathery leaves composed of small leaflets. Some Australian species have flattened leafstalks called phyllodes that perform the function of leaves.
Flowers: The flowers are typically yellow or white and grow in dense, round or cylindrical clusters. They have many prominent stamens, giving them a fuzzy appearance.
Thorns: Many non-Australian species are well-known for their sharp thorns or spines, a defense mechanism against herbivores.
Resilience: Acacias are hardy, water-wise plants that are well-suited to arid and dry environments. Their deep taproots help them access water deep within the soil.
Lifespan: Many acacias are fast-growing but have a relatively short lifespan, often living for about 30 years.
