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Activated charcoal is a highly porous form of charcoal that has been treated to increase its surface area, allowing it to adsorb (bind to) various substances. This property makes it useful for a range of applications, primarily its well-established use in medical emergencies.
Here are some of the common uses of activated charcoal:
1. Emergency Poisoning and Drug Overdose: This is the most well-known and scientifically supported use of activated charcoal. In cases of certain swallowed poisons or drug overdoses, activated charcoal can bind to the toxins in the digestive tract, preventing their absorption into the bloodstream. It's most effective when administered within the first hour or two of ingestion. However, it's crucial that this is done under medical supervision, as it's not effective for all types of poisons (e.g., acids, alkalis, petroleum products, iron, lithium, alcohol).
2. Reducing Intestinal Gas and Bloating: Activated charcoal can bind to gases in the digestive system, which may help alleviate symptoms of flatulence and bloating. Some studies suggest it can be helpful in reducing gas before abdominal ultrasounds to improve imaging clarity.
3. Promoting Kidney Health: For individuals with chronic kidney disease, activated charcoal may help by binding to urea and other waste products in the gut, which can then be excreted in stool, reducing the burden on the kidneys.