German Condor Legion Spanish Cross in Bronze with Swords

The Spanish Cross (Spanienkreuz) was instituted on April 14th, 1939, to recognize those German Forces who served in the Spanish Civil War (July 1936- March 1939). The “Condor Legion” who fought on the side of General Franco against communism in Spain was composed, at least publicly, of volunteers. Because of their semi-official status no awards were instituted prior to or during the war, and therefore no method was in place to recognize German bravery and accomplishments until 1939. The purpose of the Spanish Cross therefore was two fold; It was not only to be a campaign medal, but also an award recognizing achievements.

The award took the shape of an eight pointed convex cross with a mobile swastika in the center disk. The reverse was plain with only the manufacturer mark (if present), and a wide pin and catch soldered to it from which the Cross was attached to the uniform

Fitted between the arms of the cross were four Luftwaffe flying eagles carrying a swastika, a tribute to all the airmen who made up almost 70 percent of the Legion.

Eligible for the award were personnel from all military branches and civilians who volunteered and participated in the conflict. The criteria for the Cross without swords was three months of service on Spanish soil or waters.